Edición N°8 – Artículo 05
Cultivo hidropónico de cebollín, culantro, lechuga, albahaca y cebolla una forma casera de producción
Hydroponic cultivation of chives, coriander, lettuce, basil and onion: a home production method
Autor: Christian Daniel Ortiz Anguizaca (Unidad Educativa Agronómico Salesiano)
Resumen
Este trabajo consistió en evaluar el comportamiento agronómico de cebollín, culantro, lechuga, albahaca y complementariamente de la cebolla de hoja, cultivados en hidroponía mediante la técnica «Nutrient Film Technique». El fertilizante utilizado fue «Expert Gardener» que tiene una concentración de 19 % de Nitrógeno (N), 31 % de fósforo (P) y 17 % de potasio (K), además de micronutrientes. Para la preparación de la solución nutritiva se usaron 12 galones de agua y 48 gramos del fertilizante dando una concentración de 276 partes por millón (ppm) y un pH de 6,9. Como depósito se usó un tanque plástico de 20 galones con una bomba sumergible accionada por un temporizador. El sistema se armó con cuatro tubos de PVC de tres pulgadas con 10 hoyos de 2 pulgadas de diámetro, distanciados a 30 centímetros entre ellos. En cada tubo se sembraron 10 ejemplares de cada especie. Las raíces de las plántulas se las envolvió con esponja, luego se las puso en canastillas de espuma flex y, finalmente, se las colocó en los tubos. Los datos se evaluaron semanalmente. Se registraron tamaños, número de hojas, diámetro, apariencia del follaje, tiempo transcurrido desde la siembra hasta la cosecha y los pesos alcanzados. Los resultados mostraron buen desarrollo del culantro, lechuga, cebollín y cebolla, y un pobre desarrollo de la albahaca. Se concluye que el fertilizante usado, así como su concentración, satisfizo los requerimientos nutricionales de cuatro de las cinco especies evaluadas. Se sugiere no asociar la albahaca con lechuga, culantro, cebolla y cebollín en un mismo Sistema
Palabras clave: hortalizas, hidroponía, solución, nutrientes, pH.
Abstract
This work consisted of evaluating the agronomic performance of chives, coriander, lettuce, basil and leaf onion, grown in hydroponics using the ‘Nutrient Film Technique’. The fertiliser used was ‘Expert Gardener’, which has a concentration of 19% nitrogen (N), 31% phosphorus (P) and 17% potassium (K), as well as micronutrients. For the preparation of the nutrient solution, 12 gallons of water and 48 grams of the fertiliser were used, giving a concentration of 276 parts per million (ppm) and a pH of 6.9. A 20 gallon plastic tank with a submersible pump driven by a timer was used as a reservoir. The system was assembled with four three-inch PVC pipes with 10 holes of 2-inch diameter, spaced 30 centimetres apart. Ten specimens of each species were planted in each tube. The roots of the seedlings were wrapped with sponge, then placed in flex foam baskets and finally placed in the tubes. Data were evaluated weekly. Size, number of leaves, diameter, foliage appearance, time from sowing to harvest and weights achieved were recorded. The results showed good development of coriander, lettuce, chives and onion, and poor development of basil. It is concluded that the fertiliser used, as well as its concentration, satisfied the nutritional requirements of four of the five species evaluated. It is suggested not to associate basil with lettuce, coriander, onion and chives in the same system.
Keywords: vegetables, hydroponics, solution, nutrients, pH.
Edición N°8
Fecha de publicación: 30 julio del 2021.
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